Addressing the Active Shooter Challenge through In-situ Simulation
Author: Mark Mannenbach, MD. @MMannenbach
With an increased number of active shooter events in the United States, emergency departments are challenged to ensure preparedness for this low-frequency, but extremely high stakes event. Engagement of all emergency department personnel can be very challenging due to a variety of barriers including perception of lack of time, likelihood of occurrence, or interference with actual patient care
Our department chose to utilize an in situ simulation training model as a component of active shooter education for our academic emergency medicine practice. Although a variety of modalities can be utilized for this type of training, we felt that an in situ model allowed for our emergency department personnel to engage actively in the experience. We did so with some hesitation as we felt that the experience may be “too realistic” for some members of the department. However, we felt that this approach allowed for the greatest degree of engagement and ownership of the need for awareness and personal decision-making.
We were intentional in our inclusion of as many disciplines as possible for each scenario session. Leaders from physician, nursing, security, registration, laboratory medicine, and radiology technology were chosen to participate in the planning process.
We utilized both mannequins and live standardized patients to specifically address the need for incorporation of real patients as a factor for emergency department personnel to consider as they processed their reactions and plans for the scenario.
These scenarios were conducted in care areas of our emergency department where actual patients were not present at the time. The scenarios were also conducted at a time when the attending physicians were present for a mandatory monthly meeting to improve their involvement in the process outside of their usual clinical assignments.
Debriefing occurred after each of the brief 10 minute scenarios and included feedback and direction from physician and security experts in regard to the preferred approach of “RUN, HIDE, FIGHT” when faced with an active shooter situation. Careful attention was paid by those overseeing the scenarios to allow for identification of the triggering of any emotional or psychological stress as a result of participation.
With this approach and planning, we were able to include nearly all of the attending physicians as well as many resident physicians, nursing staff, and other emergency department personnel over the course of several months.
The feedback from the participants was overwhelmingly positive in terms of increased awareness, educational value, and planning for an actual event. Those involved felt that the scenarios created realism without undue stress.
Although our approach may not be translated exactly to other emergency departments, we hope that our approach and lessons learned can be applied by others and they are planning and preparation for these potentially devastating events.
As recent as this week, several reports have emerged about US emergency departments are not ready for "mass tragedy". Our article highlights the need to develop explicit training about events potentially leading to mass casualties.
Further details of our work can be found in an upcoming issue of Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness.
Like
Helpful
Hug
Good day!
Hey visitors of this page! I know for sure that not every learner is able to provide high quality of writing their hometasks. Some of them do not know how to write correct essay papers, but some just don't have desire or enough time to do that. In this case a better way is to buy some essay papers from https://writingpro.org/ website like this professional online company.
Thanks for sharing post Active Shooter Challenge. Please share more details related to this topic. A very good and informative article indeed . It helps me a lot to enhance my knowledge. I really like the way the writer presented his views. I hope to see more informative and useful articles in future. Get best Mobile App Development Dubai service you visit here site https://www.mistersaad.com/
Hi, Neat post. There’s an issue along with your site in internet explorer, would test this… IE nonetheless is the marketplace leader and a good portion of folks will omit your excellent writing due to this problem.
No matter how long you have played, you will still not be able to accurately estimate the altitude of each takeoff. Therefore, any water pipe will be an extremely difficult challenge.
The game features hundreds of levels, each with different objectives, including achieving a certain score, clearing specific types of candies, or collecting specific items. Players can also compete against their friends and other players on the leaderboards, earning bragging rights and rewards.
https://candy-crush.io is a popular mobile game that combines puzzle-solving and matching skills. In this game, players are presented with a colorful grid filled with various types of candies. The objective is to match three or more candies of the same color in a row or column, which will cause them to disappear from the grid and earn points.
This simulation process is easy to visualize!
Very useful!
Thanks!